DariiaYakymovych-Chapran

Ivan Franko National University of Lviv

The contribution of Adelfos authors union into Ukrainian terminology in the late XVI–XVII centuries.

© Yakymovych-Chapran D.  B., 2016

The article is devoted to the study on 101 linguistic terms, fixed in Ukrainian part of “Grammar” of the author association Adelphotes. The analysis of semantic and grammatical features, motivation and origin of the terms and their elements showed, that Lviv scientists in 1591 have had an opportunity to create the first system of terms of morphology and phonetics, which was suitable for the description of Greek and Ukrainian languages and became a basis for the grammatical works of the authors of the future generations.

Keywords: Ukrainian language, terminology, terminological lexis, linguistis notion, borrowing, calque, neologism, word of common use, meaning

The subject of the proposed research is term nominations for linguistic concepts used for the first time on the pages of Grammar of Adelfos union. The aim is to explore the motivational framework, origin of nomens and their components, grammatical and semantic features of nominative units. Scientists of Adelfos union introduced into scientific circulation 101 new term nominations for linguistic concepts in the following spheres 1) phonetics (19 new items); 2) graphics and orthography (3 new items); 3) lexicology (2 new items); 4) morphology (74 new items); 5) syntax (3 new items).

Since the object of description of Grammar of Adelfos is primarily Greek language, the main reason for the creation of such a large number of items (more than 18 % of linguistic terminology of that time) was the authors’ attempt to convey the Greek system of linguistic concepts and comparable to them names Old Church Slavonic language as accurately as possible.

Analysis of the formation of terminology introduced by members of Adelfos union shows that all items consist of: a) uniterms (28 new items); b) composites (6 new items); c) terminological components (two-component (62 new items, the vast majority of which are noun - adjective and 2 new items noun - noun) and three-component (5 new items, all from thematic groups of vocabulary to describe the phonetic and graphic concepts. The defined are expressed by noun – adjective hiperonimats, the attributes are expressed by adjectives.

Uniterms and composites are formed: 1) by tracing (semantic, morphemic and word building); 2) by direct borrowing from Greek or Serbian languages; 3) by involving specific resources (actually Ukrainian and mastered old slavonisms).

Terminological combinations acting in text of the memorial usually in a short elliptical form (the specifying attribute itself), formed mainly by tracing Greek samples. These word-combinations are structural tracings. But adjectives attributes in their composition are of different origin. They can be: a) general language words that when coming into the terminological combination specialize their meaning; b) specially designed or morphemic word building tracings from Greek attributes-samples. These tracings were accurate whereas only in rare cases inaccurate.

Such nominations as otecheskoeimya, edynstvennoechislo, dvoystvennoechislo, mnozhestvennoechislo can be considered as original new creations of Adelfos union.

There are no direct borrowings among the terminological combinations except the nomination chast slova taken from the Serbian tractate as a whole.

In accordance with the genesis many words and important parts making up the analyzed items are old slavonisms but these old slavonisms appeared in Ukrainian in Kyiv Rus period and were mastered at the end of the sixteenth century.

The main task of the compilers-teachers was to make process of studying such a complex subject as Greek easy and conscious. There were two optimal means for this purpose: firstly, consistent literal translation of foreign language term nominations; secondly, the daily projection of Greek language phenomena onto similar phenomena in their students’ native language. Even a few borrowings from Greek are accompanied with inner-rowglos-tracings.

Terminology of Adelfos union has a high level of system organization. This feature is provided by Greek linguistic terminological system formed in the period of antiquity. Almost all nominations are united into the hyperohyponimni nests with two- and three-stage structure.

Imitating Greek sample brought lakunarnist as a result in a few cases and on the contrary redundancy of analyzed terminology applied to describe the Ukrainian language (in any of its then - literary written options). For example, among the names of cases two cases correlative to such phenomena in Ukrainian and other Slavonic languages as " ablative " and " locative " are absent and again name razlychieand corresponding to it notion " article " are not and were not the realities of our language.

Almost half (49 new items) from offered entered the scientific and academic usage in late XVI – XVII centuries as the norm. Another 29 new items were accepted partly.

The activity of scientists from Adelfos union is a case phenomenon in the history of Ukrainian linguistics. They managed to create the first system of terminology from morphology and phonetics which despite some lakunarnist and a few onomasiological drawbacks was well used when describing Greek and Ukrainian languages. The terminology thus became the basis for the scientists of future generations. In addition, the authors of the Adelfos partly contributed to the creation of term nominations in other branches of linguistics.

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